There's a 'rule of thumb' that we use with fill layers - they should always be at least twice the thickness of the largest particle size. This is done to ensure that no 'points' are created within a layer, that is, no particle or lump of stone can be in contact with both upper and lower surfaces at any time, but by definition must be 'cushioned' by finer material either above, below, or both ...
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Jul 06, 2010· A small amount of mortar mix or Portland cement can be mixed in with the crushed gravel. I use a concrete mixer. Maybe 2 or 3 shovels full of the cement product per wheelbarrow of stone aggregate. The idea is that the aggregate still needs to drain, but the cement makes it so that it is a little firm so that it cannot erode.
Mar 19, 2014· So I'd attach cement board/hardy backer to the wooden frame via exterior screws (and glue) and then glue the stone to the cement board, using this sort of adhesive. Also, I'd consider building the frame from smaller lumber, like 2 x 4″ or something.
You can buy recycled aggregates for making a sub-base. They use crushed concrete, stone, bricks and other hard materials to make hardcore base for use in sub-base construction projects. Once these materials have been crushed up and graded, they can now be classified as being mot aggregates.
Jan 07, 2019· Landscaping mulch: When properly crushed and well sorted, ground concrete can replace river rock or other gravels used as ground covers and mulch. Fill for wire gabions: Wire cages (gabions) filled with crushed gravel can make decorative …
Type 1 Crushed Concrete - 50mm down to dust. Best used as a sub-base for roads, underneath blocks, as well as layering in between concrete or tarmac and as a hard core for projects such as car parks. 6F2. Type 3 Crushed Concrete - 0-63mm reduced fines. Oversized Clean Crushed Concrete - 75mm-100mm (no fines)
Jul 08, 2005· Photographs courtesy of American Specialty Glass, Inc. If you want concrete that truly sparkles and shines, put some glass in the mix. Glass aggregate can replace part or all of the sand and gravel in concrete, for effects that range from colorful terrazzo, to granite- or marble-like finishes, to concrete that reflects light like a mirror.
Apr 15, 2005· For soil cement the CRUSHED gravel should have poper mix of fines to larger pieces to make it as dense as possible. Add the proper amount of cement and water and mix well by some mechanical means, smooth to grade and pack it. The mix is not a slurry and is very hard to tell from damp gravel. A seal coat over the top will also help for longevity.
Mar 21, 2019· If built properly crushed stone trails can meet the specification for a "firm and stable" surface as defined in current federal guidelines for accessible trails. Best Practices: For use in trail surfacing, the material should be composed of irregular angular particles that interlock and bind into a …
Aug 22, 2017· Using my geology degree and some common sense, I finally settled on using concrete sand under my patio pavers. The method I'd use for a paver driveway differs from …
Jun 20, 2017· It is made up of large aggregates: materials such as construction waste, for example, tiles, quarry waste, other crushed rock and gravel. Clean, graded concrete rubble can be used provided that it does not contain any gypsum as this can cause thaumasite to develop around any limestone in the mix and this can degrade concrete.
Sep 04, 2020· The standard concrete recipe is one part cement, two parts sand and three parts clean crushed stone. Don't skimp. Crushed stone is filler, so don't use any more than the recipe calls for. In fact, use a little less stone proportionally if you have a hard time troweling a nice, smooth surface.
Jul 04, 2014· What goes under the concrete in a slab-on-grade home? In the old days, not much — just dirt. Eventually, contractors discovered that it made sense to include a 4-inch-thick layer of crushed stone under the concrete. The crushed stone provides a capillary break that reduces the amount of moisture flowing upward from the damp soil to the permeable concrete. Since the crushed stone …
A medium strength concrete is used in most applications. Concrete is best supplied ready-mixed to ensure thorough mixing and a correct ratio of cement to aggregates. Strength C20 is the usual grade, and a 25mm slump is reasonably stiff and not too 'runny' to handle. If the application warrants a concrete sub-base, it would be wise to consult a ...
As with all material, it has to be placed correctly and compacted properly. Sand needs to remain damp as well as other material before placement of the concrete. If you want to build a road, use gravel, but this does not mean you will not have issues. No one can predict the outcome of the harding of concrete. As they say, it will get hard and ...
Dec 14, 2009· Concrete does go off. Over a year old unlikely to use it. I always store it off the floor or concrete floor, seems to make a difference. If placing in a hole would not be too worried. Had a few lumps in bags over the years but in the mixer often breaks down. …
Jan 21, 2016· Phil the Paver Screwfix Select. MOT Type 1 is the most common sub-base for drives, but it technically isn't permeable, when compacted it goes off like concrete and holds water. Clean crushed concrete would do, but finding really clean concrete only crushed is near on impossible, usually full of other rubbish like bits of wood, paper, ETC.
Nov 07, 2019· Recycling crushed concrete to be reused helps reduce landfill crowding AND saves more resources from being used to create new concrete. Old concrete can be crushed …
DON'T let new concrete get too cold. The best time to pour concrete is when temperatures are expected to remain above 50 degrees for five to seven days, but plans can go awry with the arrival of ...
Mar 28, 2010· I need to make some concrete (approx 4-2-1) and I have a large amount of MOT (crushed limestone I guess). I only need about 0.1 m^3 of concrete. Can I use the MOT as ballast, instead of going to B&Q and grabbing bags of gravel and sand etc ? Thanks, Simon.
Dec 27, 2018· Cement, on the other hand, will crack. Cement is also not as easy to apply cleanly between the cracks, and if you don't wipe it off soon enough can harden and ruin the look of …
While sand is the most common aggregate used to create concrete, you can also mix cement with gravel, crushed stone or even pieces of old concrete. The key to success will be the ratio of the mixture. The basic equation for making concrete is: 60 to 75 percent aggregate material (sand or the other aggregates mentioned) mixed with 10 to 15 ...
Sep 03, 2019· All cement in the paper bags will gradually go hard from the outside in. Typically, its just the very outer surface which was near the paper bag, and this tends to crumble - it does not mean that the cement has gone off. This is natural with any bags stored for a while It has only gone off and of no use, if it forms hard clumps of cement.
Aug 13, 2020· If you use a hard and solid aggregate, the concrete will be durable and highly resistant to wear and tear. Ideally, you want a hard, durable, and clean aggregate when mixing concrete. It should be washed before mixing in, as impurities can hinder the bonding reaction once it comes into contact with the cement …
Dec 05, 2006· Ron (Structural) 11 Nov 06 17:02. For materials contain cement, it is important to take the density test immediately after compaction. When taken later after some hydration has occurred, the density values tend to go down. I've seen this in soil-cement, crushed recycled concrete, and cement-treated base materials.
Sep 17, 2020· Malcolm, I had assumed 4" was sufficient. If it needs 6", I will comply, but at $675 per 22ton load, it hurts. :) Also, when you say - [top dress the 6" below the slab with a drainable fill] - you are talking about the 3/4" gravel between the ground and the concrete, or in my case between the ground and Fomular 250 25 psi and then concrete.
May 09, 2013· And with a 3/4″ gap between the flagstones, like you said. 2) level out the stones, one at a time, using the crushed stone to raise them up, as needed. Use the mallet only to gently set the stones into the crushed granite. The mallet can only do minor adjustments, as far as leveling flagstones is …